ME · checked October 18, 2026

Shotgun laws in Maine

What Maine adds on top of federal law: short-barreled shotguns, 14-inch "firearms," feature rules, magazine limits, permits and waiting periods.

Decorative editorial illustration for the state shotgun law referenceVerify the current state and federal rules with official sources
Federal update — Oct 9, 2026

ATF says it is no longer enforcing federal NFA approval or registration for short-barreled shotguns. That does not change state law: where a state only allows SBSs that are registered under the NFA, you still need that registration to be legal under state law. What changed.

Short-barreled shotgunsLegal with NFA registration

Neither ATF's compilation of Maine firearm statutes nor Maine's criminal weapons chapter (17-A ch. 43, which covers machine guns but not short shotguns) contains a state SBS restriction, so federal NFA rules appear to govern.[1]

None found (17-A M.R.S. ch. 43; ATF State Laws compilation for Maine)
14" 'firearms' (Shockwave / TAC-14)Legal

No Maine statute restricting these firearms was found, so federal classification governs. The state's 72-hour waiting period still applies to dealer and other background-checked sales.[2]

Semi-auto / feature rulesNo state feature ban

Giffords lists assault weapon restrictions among the laws Maine does not have.[3]

Magazine limitsNo limit for shotguns

Giffords lists a large-capacity magazine ban among the laws Maine does not have.[3]

Permit to buyNo state permit

Giffords lists gun owner licensing among the laws Maine does not have, so no state permit is needed to buy a shotgun.[3]

Waiting period3-day wait

A seller may not deliver any firearm, long guns included, sooner than 72 hours after the sale agreement. Exceptions include sales to police and dealers, family transfers, sales between C&R collectors, antiques, and sales where no background check is required.[4]

Where a state has no official guidance on a point, the summary says what the statute text appears to say, and marks it unclear when it can't be read either way.

Also know

The First Circuit vacated a preliminary injunction against the 72-hour waiting period on April 3, 2026 (Beckwith v. Frey), so the law is being enforced. The challengers filed a U.S. Supreme Court cert petition in August 2026.

Not legal advice

This is a plain-English summary. Cities and counties can add rules, and laws change. Confirm with Maine's official sources or a licensed attorney before you buy, build or travel.

Federal rules that apply everywhere

  • Under the National Firearms Act, a 'shotgun' is a weapon designed and intended to be fired from the shoulder that uses a fixed shotgun shell to fire shot or a single projectile through a smooth bore with each pull of the trigger. source
  • The Gun Control Act uses nearly the same definition: a shotgun is designed and intended to be fired from the shoulder and fires shot or a single projectile through a smooth bore for each pull of the trigger. source
  • Federal law defines a short-barreled shotgun as a shotgun with a barrel under 18 inches, or any weapon made from a shotgun with an overall length under 26 inches. source
  • The One Big Beautiful Bill Act, the law that cut the NFA tax, is Public Law 119-21 and was approved on July 4, 2025. source

Shotguns to consider

Use the 3-step quiz — it flags Maine's rules on your matches — or compare every model.

Sources

  1. Maine — Short-barreled shotguns
  2. Maine — 14" 'firearms' (Shockwave / TAC-14)
  3. Maine — Semi-auto / feature rules (secondary source)
  4. Maine — Waiting period

Last checked October 18, 2026. Spotted something out of date? Send a correction.

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